Tinnitus is the perception of a ringing, whistling, rustling or hissing sound felt in the ears or head, even in the absence of an actual acoustic stimulus. It may be intermittent or continuous, varying in intensity and impacting one or both ears.
Tinnitus is not a standalone but rather a symptom linked to problems of the inner ear (objective tinnitus) or to neurological and cardiovascular diseases (subjective tinnitus).
The main types of tinnitus are objective tinnitus, which often manifests itself in a pulsating manner and is linked to organic conditions, so much so that it can be detected by an external examiner; and subjective tinnitus, the most prevalent type, solely perceived by the patient and often stemming from excessive exposure to noise. Depending on the duration of the disorder, tinnitus is defined as acute if it disappears within 3 months or chronic if it persists for more than 6 months.
Tinnitus after a concert or disco is the result of excessive and prolonged exposure to particularly loud noises that damage the hair cells of the cochlea, the innermost part of the ear.
Since the causes are many and vary from person to person, there is no single cure for tinnitus. Usually, a multidisciplinary approach is used, involving pharmacological, instrumental and psychotherapeutic therapy.
A special mention goes to TRT (Tinnitus Retraining Therapy), which aims to 'teach' the patient's brain to recognise tinnitus as less bothersome. In addition, adopting a healthy lifestyle can alleviate and, above all, prevent the onset of tinnitus.
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