Mizofonia nie jest chorobą, lecz nadwrażliwością na pewne dźwięki - nawet jeśli są one stosunkowo ciche. Złożona ze słów "miso" (nienawiść) i "phonia" (dźwięk), oznacza dosłownie "nienawiść do dźwięków". Ta forma wrażliwości na dźwięk jest wciąż mało zbadana, ale wiadomo, że jej przyczyn należy szukać na tle psychologicznym.
Mizofinia występuje gdy pewne dźwięki działają drażniąco i ma to wpływ na Twoje ciało, w tym powoduje przyspieszone bicie serca, uczucie gorąca i pocenie się. Konswkwencjami może być stres, problemy z koncentracją, ale także poczucia wstydu i winy.
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Mizofonia nie jest zakwalifikowana jako zaburzenie neurologiczne, audiologiczne czy psychiatryczne. Istnieje niewiele metod leczenia - specjaliści badają to zjawisko i różnego rodzaju terapie. Osoby, które tego doświadczają mogą stosować terapię poznawczo-behawioralną, aby stworzyć nowy związek z niepokojącym dźwiękiem. Niektóre hałasy mogą zostać zamaskowane lub stłumione przez ochronę słuchu. W przeciwnym razie leczenie mizofonii może mieć na celu jedynie naukę kontrolowania silnych emocji.
Joga, Trening autogenny, progresywna relaksacha mięśni, Thai Chi. Zaleca się stosowanie również słuchawek, które pomagają odizolować się odrażniących dźwięków. Hipnoza może być również pomocna - nie została zbadana jej skuteczność.
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Wrażliwość może doprowadzić do konfliktów w okresie dojrzewania. Mizofonia może zostać wyleczona, jeśli zrozumie się mechanizm działania dźwięków i oddzieli emocje od wyzwalacza. Pomocna jest terapia stosowana w nadwrażliwości lub szumów usznych.
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Ludzie z trudem znoszą pewne dźwięki. Wiele osób dostrzega objawy mizofonii, słysząc dźwięk tarcia kredy o tablicę lub szeleszczącego styropianu. Wrażliwość na hałas dotyczy tylko niektórych hałasów i dźwięków.
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Są to odgłosy, które ze względu na swoją intensywność mogą dosłownie doprowadzić do bólu, gęsiej skórki i skurczu mięśni karku. W przypadku mizofonii dźwięki, które są odbierane jako nieprzyjemne, mogą być również bardzo ciche.
Typowymi przykładami są:
Przyczyną mizofonii w niektórych przypadkach może być jakieś doświadczenie z dzieciństwie lub trauma. Wtedy mózg łączy hałas z tą ekstremalną sytuacją. Podobnym, dobrze znanym przykładem są zapachy i pozytywne lub negatywne emocje. Natomiast w przypadku zaburzeń pourazowych dźwięki mają tendencję do wyzwalania lęku i zmierzają w kierunku fonofobii.
Jeśli mizofonia prowadzi do poważnych utrudnień w życiu codziennym, należy skonsultować się z lekarzem, który może zalecić terapię poznawczo-behawioralną.
Mizofonia jest nadal zbadana w bardzo małym zakresie. Określenie nawet standaryzowanych kryteriów diagnostycznych stanowiłoby ważny krok naprzód.
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